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Test ID: pH Urine
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pH Urine
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Useful For
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Measures acid-base balance of the body, assessment of crystalluria and other metabollc conditions such as renal tubular acidosis.
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Method name and description
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The basic principle of the pH meter is to measure the concentration of hydrogen ions. Acids dissolve in water forming positively charged ions (H+). The greater this concentration of hydrogen ions, the stronger the acid is.
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Clinical information
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Secretion of acid or alkaline urine by the kidneys is one of the most important mechanisms the body uses to maintain a constant body pH.
Urine pH is used to classify urine as either acid or alkaline (basic). Seven is the point of neutrality on the pH scale. The lower the pH, the greater the acidity of a solution. The higher the pH, the greater the alkalinity. Blood has a pH of around 7.4 and this usually acidified as it is filtered by the kidneys to a pH of about 6 in the urine. Depending on patient status, the pH of the urine may range from 4.5 – 8
High urine pH may be due ro renal tubular acidosis, kidney failure, UTI and vomiting.
Low pH may be due to diabetic acidosis , diarrhea and starvation.
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Specimen type / Specimen volume / Specimen container
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Specimen: Urine (Random)
Minimum volume : 5 mL freshly voided urine in clean container or aliquoted tube.
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Collection instructions / Special Precautions / Timing of collection
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Collect urine sample by "clean catch method".
Preferable time is early morning urine.
If the test will be conducted by the health care provider, advise patient to stop certain durgs that can affect the results of the test. Patient can eat a normal, balanced diet for several days before the test. A diet high in citrus fruits, vegetables or dairy products can increase urine pH. A diet high in meat products or cranberries can decrease urine pH.
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Storage and transport instructions
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Storage: 2 hours at room temperature
7 days at 2 – 8°C;
Transport: 2-25°C
(Urine specimens is recommended to be stored at 2‑8°C when delay in transport.)
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Specimen Rejection Criteria
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Leaking specimen, contaminated sample, adulterated sample.
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Biological reference intervals and clinical decision values
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Turnaround time / Days and times test performed / Specimen retention time
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Daily (24/7)
Turn-around time:
Routine: One working day
Specimen Retention: 4 days
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