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Useful For
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In vitro test for the detection and identification the most common viral and bacterial organisms associated with respiratory infection
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Method name and description
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In vitro fully automated system for the detection of respiratory pathogens listed below:
VIRAL TARGETS
- Adenovirus
- Coronavirus 229E
- Coronavirus HKU1
- Coronavirus NL63
- Coronavirus OC43
- Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
- Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV)
- Human Bocavirus
- Human Metapneumovirus
- Human Rhinovirus/Enterovirus
- Influenza A
- Influenza A H1
- Influenza A H1-2009
- Influenza A H3
- Influenza B
- Parainfluenza 1
- Parainfluenza 2
- Parainfluenza 3
- Parainfluenza 4
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus A
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus B
BACTERIAL TARGETS
- Bordetella pertussis
- Chlamydia pneumoniae
- Legionella pneumophila
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Following nucleic acid extraction and amplification, detection and identification are performed. eSensor technology is based on the principles of competitive DNA hybridization and electrochemical detection, which is not based on fluorescent or optical detection. Electro wetting, or digital microfluidics, uses electrical fields to directly manipulate discrete droplets on the surface of a hydrophobically coated printed circuit board (PCB). Sample and reagents are moved in a programmable fashion in the cartridge to complete all portions of the sample processing from nucleic acid extraction to detection. A sample is loaded onto the cartridge and nucleic acids are extracted and purified from the specimen via magnetic solid phase extraction. For RNA targets, a reverse transcription step is performed to generate complementary DNA from the RNA, followed by PCR to amplify the targets. Exonuclease digestion creates single-stranded DNA in preparation for eSensor detection. The target DNA is mixed with ferrocene-labeled signal probes that are complementary to the specific targets on the panel. Target DNA hybridizes to its complementary signal probe and capture probes, which are bound to gold-plated electrodes. The presence of each target is determined by voltammetry, which generates specific electrical signals from the ferrocene-labeled signal probe (Manufacturer package insert)
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Clinical information
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Respiratory infections of viral and bacterial origin, such as the common cold, pharyngitis, laryngitis, tracheitis, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, pneumonia, and bronchopneumonia, pose serious problems owing to their great prevalence with associated high mortality rates and economic costs.
Over the last decade new molecular diagnostics have expanded the range of viruses detected in respiratory samples and several novel respiratory viruses have been identified
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Aliases
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Respiratory Viruses Panel PCR
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Specimen type / Specimen volume / Specimen container
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- Specimen type: Upper & Lower Respiratory specimens: Combined nasopharyngeal/throat swabs, nasopharyngeal swab/aspirate, midturbinate nasal swab, saliva, sputum, endotracheal aspirate, throat swab, oropharyngeal swab, Broncho alveolar lavage, bronchial wash
- Specimen Volume: 2-3 mL
- Specimen container/Tube: Place swabs/specimen in tube containing Virus/Universal Transport Medium (UTM).
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Collection instructions / Special Precautions / Timing of collection
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Collection as per organization guidelines
No special precautions / Timing of collection
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Relevant clinical information to be provided
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Influenza like illness (ILI) / Severe acute respiratory infection (SARI)
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Storage and transport instructions
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The specimens should be transported immediately to Central Processing (CP) in the Qatar Rehabilitation Institute (QRI), 3rd floor, HBK MC in cool box with ice pack.
If specimen(s) cannot be delivered immediately to CP, store in a refrigerator (4 - 8◦C) for no more than 24 hours
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Specimen Rejection Criteria
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- An inadequate volume of specimen for testing is received (QNS).
- The specimen has leaked
- The specimen is in a wrong container
- Improper storage of specimen before submission to virology laboratory
- Patient information on request does not match with information on the sample tube/container
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Biological reference intervals and clinical decision values
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Qualitative detection of pathogens
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Turnaround time / Days and times test performed / Specimen retention time
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Turnaround time: within 48 hours
Test performed daily
Specimen retention time: 1 month
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